• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2007564A
    申请号:NL2007564
    申请日:2011-10-11
    公开日:2012-04-24
    发明作者:Joachim Goebel
    申请人:Sram De Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ACTIVATION MECHANICS FOR A MULTIPLE BICYCLE DRIVE
    Description
    The present invention relates to an activation mechanism for the rotational switching introduction and subsequent transfer of a switching movement into a multi-speed drive hub with a planetary drive mechanism for providing a plurality of transmission stages.
    A multi-speed hub consists of at least one planetary gear set with at least one sun gear, planet wheels of at least one set of planet wheels engaging in this sun gear and at least one gear with inner teeth that engage with the planet wheels and is arranged around a fixed axis. a sprocket on a driver and further transmitted via one of a plurality of drive paths from the planetary gear to the hub housing. Selective control of the corresponding drive path takes place via coupling parts and coupling activation parts, which must be rotated or shifted relative to the shaft. The gear selection takes place via a switch in the control rod area and is, for example, transmitted mechanically via a linear movement of the traction cable to the multi-speed hub. The shifting movement corresponding to the selected gear movement is guided inside the hub. Sometimes an axle switching device is used, which is arranged at the end of the hub axle or intermediate pinion and frame dropout.
    Switching movements can be introduced linearly by means of sliding or pulling elements or rotatorically by means of pivoting or rotating elements. The shifting process is generally conducted from the outside through the shaft or through the shaft or another standing component into the interior of the hub.
    In EP 0 876 952 B1 a shifting movement is initiated in the center of the drive hub via a hinge mechanism which is arranged inwards at the hub shaft from its free end. In this case, an external switching movement of a traction cable running vertically with respect to the center axis of the hub axle is converted into a linear movement of a switching rod which can move within a central bore in the hub shaft. In common with the shift rod, a shift block moves, which is guided in a slot extending obliquely to the center axis of the hub shaft and through the hub shaft. A switching bus cooperating with the switch block forms a coupling activation part. From the state of the art, hinge mechanisms are also known, which are arranged in the form of so-called "axle switching devices" at the end of the hub axle. They are susceptible to defects, because they protrude in the direction of the hub axle above the other components of the bicycle wheel, and they are experienced as disturbing.
    Longitudinal boreholes and slots in manufacture are complex and lead to higher costs. Since no quick-release skewers can be used on a hub shaft with longitudinal bore, mounting or dismantling the drive hub on the bicycle frame is only possible with tools.
    DE 10 2005 003 056 A1 also describes a switching device with linear switching movement. In this case, the shifting cable is passed through an axially extending opening in the bearing cone at an axial position between the pinion and the dropout end, the shifting movement being guided further to the hub drive. Thereby only a deflection of the shifting movement takes place from a direction perpendicular to the hub axle to a direction in the hub axle direction. A groove on the inner circumference of the bearing cone serves to receive the traction cable, which, however, also causes friction losses on the traction cable.
    A disadvantage of this solution is that in the assembled state of the hub threaded end piece of the shift cable cannot or at least only be screwed into the interior of the hub with corresponding structural precautions in the corresponding counter piece.
    A rotational introduction of the switching movement takes place in EP 0 690 569 B1 via a cable roll arranged in the interior of the fixed cone, which is functionally connected to a plurality of cam rings. With a control movement a rotation of the cam rings is effected, wherein each cam ring acts on a cam lever assigned thereto, and the latch-controlled sun wheels of the planetary gear can be switched on or off via further cam lever surfaces, carriers and switching cam rods of the switching device. A decisive problem of this switching device is that it consists of one whole series of separate parts and is therefore complex in terms of manufacturing.
    DE 10 2004 048 114 BI describes the transmission of a rotational switching movement between the driver and the fixed cone. A shifting sleeve arranged rotatably with respect to the hub shaft is supported on the hub shaft with a first ball bearing relative to the fixed fixed cone and with a second ball bearing relative to a rotatable actuator. The actuator always rotates automatically during a driving movement, whereby frictional forces on the second ball bearing intermediate actuator and the switching sleeve cannot be completely excluded, which can drag the switching sleeve along in one direction. This is disturbing with regard to the fixation of the shift sleeve in the exact gear positions.
    In EP 0 383 350 the rotational movement of a cable spool is transmitted through holes on the inner circumference of the fixed cone in the interior of the hub.
    The cross-sections of the holes are in the form of segments of cylindrical rings around the hub shaft, in which protruding parts of a gear shift sleeve move. Since the positions of the projecting parts in the various gear stages are very close to each other, there are very high accuracy requirements for the gear shift device, in particular with a larger number of gear stages.
    An activation mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1 is shown in DE 101 18 645.
    Object of the invention
    The object of the invention is to provide a simple device for initiating the shifting movement in the hub drive, wherein also with a larger number of gear stages there are no problems with regard to manufacturing costs and accuracy requirements.
    The invention shows another embodiment of the introduction and transfer device of the switching movement in a bicycle drive. In this case, the switching movement is continuously rotated without rotation angle restriction through an axle-fixed component in the drive hub.
    In accordance with the invention, it is proposed to telephoto the shifting movement through the fixed cone, which serves as an inner ring for the bearing of the driver, in the hub. The fixed cone, which is rotatably mounted with the hub axle for this purpose, has passage holes in the radial circumference direction. The holes serve to mount drive shafts, which act as a transfer element and lead a rotational movement to the interior of the hub. Each drive shaft has an inner and an outer gear at the axial ends. The outer gear is in direct contact with the activation sleeve, which rotates with a longitudinal movement of the shift cable. The inner gear wheel at the other end engages in the teeth with a transmission shaft arranged in the interior of the hub sleeve and designed as a hollow shaft.
    The drive shafts transmit a rotational switching movement through the fixed cone as soon as they are exposed to a rotational movement at the outer area of the fixed cone via the activating sleeve. The activation sleeve performs the function of a toothed wheel with inner teeth and has tooth-shaped contours on the circumference inside that engage in the gears of the drive shafts. The gears on the drive shaft can be compared with planet gears. The fixed cone has the function of a planet wheel carrier.
    The shifting movement which is guided further inside the hub is rotatably transmitted via the inner gears of the drive shaft to the transfer shaft. In this process, the teeth of the planet gear on the inner region of the fixed cone engage in the tooth-shaped contour of the outer periphery of the drive shaft and corresponding rotation of the drive shaft possible, which is finally coupled to the gear change device. The transfer axle can also be seen as a sun gear.
    Therefore, the switching device corresponds to a planetary position drive. The planetary gears enable, on the one hand, the transmissions of a simple-position drive, and, on the other, a coupled transmission with different numbers of numbers of the inner and outer planetary wheels.
    The transfer shaft is rotatably coupled to sleeves which are rotatably mounted on the hub shaft and comprise form elements for controlling the latches assigned to the sun gear. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, rivets are provided with a special embodiment on the sun wheels. Such a latch is actively brought into engagement with the stop toothing at the inner circumference of the associated sun wheel and prevents the sun wheel from rotating in a blocking direction. The latch will overflow in the opposite turning movement of the sun gear relative to the hub axle; therefore no fixation with respect to the hub axle takes place. In a movement for controlling the latch to bring this latch in engagement with the latching tooth out of engagement with the latching tooth, the latch is pivoted about a pivot point by the action of a control contour of a latch control part, and the sun wheel can rotate freely in both directions .
    The geometric design of the latch makes it possible to minimize the force required to perform a control movement. Therefore, the components of the activation mechanism which transmit the control movement can preferably be made from a plastic material which, compared to steel, has a lower strength, but can be molded into the desired shape more cheaply by injection molding.
    The control contours for acting on the latches on a plurality of sun wheels are provided on coupling sleeves which are arranged around the hub axle and are rotated relative to the hub axle.
    The activation sleeve additionally functions as a cover on the front side of the drive hub. This eliminates the requirement for a further casing on the outer area of the drive hub. A further advantage of the activation mechanism according to the invention lies in the insensitivity to external influences, because it is arranged axially within the dropouts of the bicycle frame. If the bicycle were to fall sideways, damage would be ruled out to a large extent, as opposed to an activation mechanism with an axle switching device outside the drop-outs at the end of the hub axle gear, which converts the traction cable activation in a direction transverse to the hub axle direction in the direction of the hub axle direction. Similarly, there is good accessibility to the activation sleeve and the cable groove arranged on its outer circumference. The end of a traction cable can easily be attached to the activation sleeve, for example by means of a cable nipple. The shift cable does not have to be routed in the hub. In combination with a corresponding device for supporting the cable tube, after disassembly of the rear wheel, the necessity of adjusting the traction cable as a result of a defect is eliminated when the rear wheel is mounted again.
    The activation mechanism is provided with a spring housing and a return spring, which is preferably designed as a coil spring. The return spring is arranged in a free space in the spring housing and is fixed at one end opposite the hub shaft. When celebrating the switching cable, the return spring resets the switching drive to the starting position.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The invention is explained below with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a switching device for a change-over drive in multi-speed hubs.
    Figure 1 shows an overall view of the activation mechanism of the invention for a multi-speed drive hub mounted on the hub axle.
    Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the activation mechanism according to the invention in a multi-speed drive hub,
    Figure 3 shows a representation of the main components of the activation mechanism, strung on the hub axle,
    Figure 4 shows a detailed representation of the essential components of the activation mechanism according to claim 3.
    The components of a cross-section of the activation mechanism according to the invention for a multi-speed drive hub mounted on the shaft of the drive hub are shown in Figure 1.
    Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the activation mechanism (1) for derotatoric shift introduction of a multi-speed hub, which is arranged concentrically around a hub shaft (2) at the end side. The activation mechanism (1) comprises in detail a fixed cone (3), a plurality of drive shafts (4) with outer (4a) and inner planet wheels (4b), a sealing ring (5), an activation sleeve (6), one-lock housing (7), an axle nut (8), a transfer shaft (9), a locking spring (11), a spring housing (13) with coil spring (12), a locking pin (14) and at least a two-part coupling sleeve (10).
    The fixed cone (3) is tightly locked on the hub shaft (2) and locked axially by means of the locking housing (7) and an axle nut (8). Deactivation sleeve (6) is rotatably, but axially fixed, mounted on the locking housing (8). Here, the locking housing (8) performs two further functions: on the one hand, it protects the activation sleeve (6) against axial slipping, and on the other hand, it prevents clamping of the deactivation sleeve (6) on the fixed cone (3) when tightening the axle nut.
    At the outer diameter of the activation sleeve (6) there is a cable groove (6a) which receives the switching cable. In addition, the activation sleeve (6) has a toothing (6b) at the axial end pointing towards the fixed cone (3), similar to a gear with inner toothing. Due to its rotation about the hub shaft (2), the activation sleeve (6) rotates a switching movement rotatably and drives the activation mechanism. While the area of the cable groove (6a) is positioned radially outside the activation sleeve (6), the segment with the gear wheel inner teeth (6b) radially within the activation sleeve (6). A sealing ring (5) is provided between the outer circumference of the gear with inner toothing (6b) of the activating sleeve (6) and the inner circumference of the actuator (24). For this purpose, a seal ring (5) is provided for protection against dirt and moisture. denaven sleeve.
    The activation sleeve (6) abuts with its end face (15) along the circumference of the outer end face of the fixed cone (2) in one face against it. Here, in addition, a seal with an O-ring is provided between the two end faces. Other sealing devices are also possible.
    On the outer circumference of the fixed cone there is a ball bearing (16) of a ball bearing (17) which ensures the rotatable bearing of the actuator (24) relative to the fixed cone (3).
    In another embodiment, not shown in the figures, the teeth on the activation sleeve are provided not on the inner circumference side, but on the outer circumference side. The activation mechanism then no longer includes a planetary position drive.
    As an alternative to an activation sleeve (6) with internal toothing, which is immediately rotated in a pulling cable with respect to the hub shaft (2), a toothed rod could also be provided.
    As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the fixed cone (3) has a centrally arranged passage hole into which the hub shaft (2) is inserted. Around the central passage hole there are three equal passage holes (3a), for receiving the drive shafts (4), and three second passage holes (3b), for receiving snap hooks (19) for attaching the spring housing (13) to the same radial distance. the fixed cone.
    Three passage holes (3a) for mounting the two-part drive shafts (4) have been found to be advantageous. Less than three first passage holes (3a) mean less complexity, but do not guarantee optimum engagement between outer gear wheels (4b) and gear with inner teeth (6b).
    The drive shafts (4) divided into two give a rotational movement of the gear sleeve (6) with inner toothing in axial direction through coupling sleeves (10), which are located in the space radially within the sun gears of the planetary gear drive of the drive hub. The drive shafts (4) are rotatably mounted in the first passage holes (3a) of the fixed cone (3). Figure 2 shows a drive shaft (4) with an inner gear (4a) and an outer gear (4b) inside cut. A first one-piece part consists of the drive shaft (4) and the outer gear (4b). The drive shaft (4) comprises a low pitch conical segment (26) at the end opposite the outer gear (4b). For mounting, the drive shaft (4) is guided in the first passage bore (3a), then the inner gearwheel (4a) pressed onto the conical segment. As a result of frictional influences, no further securing of the axial position of the inner gear (4a) on the drive shaft (4) is necessary - on the one hand for the coupling direction of rotation and on the other hand, so that an assembly can only take place in the correct angular position, the conical segment (26) has a non-circular cross-section on the drive shaft (4).
    The drive shaft (4) engages with the inner gear (4b) in the teeth of the transfer shaft (9) and drives it in the opposite direction of rotation.
    The transfer shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the two-part coupling sleeve (10) through projecting projecting portions (21) which engage in transfer depressions (22) on the transfer shaft (9). The toothing is arranged in the preferred embodiment on the outer circumference of the transfer shaft (9), however, a toothing on the inner circumference would also be possible. The protruding catch portions (21) comprise a coding and can only be coupled to the transfer axis (9) in exactly one relative angular position. The coding can be realized by different cross-sections of the protruding carrier parts (21), by their position in the circumferential direction or in another way and serves to prevent the sleeve parts and the transmission shaft from being assembled together in an incorrect position during assembly.
    Particularly advantageous with this invention is the fact that, due to the special construction of the sun gear locks (23) fixing the sun wheels relative to the hub axle (2), the load on the components is so low that practically all built-in components of the activation mechanism can be manufactured. made from suitable plastics. Only the fixed cone, on the ball bearing surface (16) from which the balls roll off the ball bearing (17), the spring elements and the locking housing (7) secured with the axle nut (8) necessarily consist of other materials, for example aluminum or steel, since these are components exposed to greater loads. Plastic parts are favorable in terms of manufacturing, which has a positive effect on production costs and contributes to the weight reduction of the drive hub.
    In the embodiment of the invention shown here, there is also provided a return spring in the form of a coil spring (13), with which the transfer shaft (9) is turned back in the starting rotational position. The coil spring (12) is in engagement with the drive shaft (4) with one spring end, and is slotted with the other spring end in engagement with the spring housing (13). This also secures it radially outwards.
    The hub axle (2) does not have to be equipped with elements for receiving a spring end. In an alternative embodiment, one spring end is fixedly fixed to the hub shaft (2), while the other spring end is fixedly fixed to the inner circumference of the transfer shaft (9), and a separate spring housing is omitted. In further possible embodiments, the only thing that matters is that the coupling sleeve (10) is turned back to the starting position by the force of the return spring (13).
    The spring housing (13) is fixed with respect to the fixed cone (3) by means of snap hooks (19), each snap hook (19) engaging a second passage hole (3b) on the fixed cone (3). The snap connection is not necessarily constructed for one-off assembly, disassembly is not necessarily required. A distance in the axial direction between the spring housing (13) and the fixed cone (3) is predetermined by part length of the snap hooks (19). In addition, short segments of the snap hooks (19) designed as support bolts (27) engage in the second passage holes (3b).
    The joint connection between spring housing (13) and fixed cone (3) could alternatively be made in connection with screws with support bolts of the length of the second passage holes (3b).
    A locking spring (11) in the form of a compression spring is arranged on the transfer shaft (9) between the coupling sleeve (10) and the transfer shaft (9). It presses the transfer shaft (9) axially against the fixed cone (3) and the coupling sleeve (10) including a rivet sleeve (20) against a stop (not shown) on the hub shaft (2). This ensures that an axial clearance between the coupling sleeves (10) is prevented and that the coupling sleeves (10) are always exposed to the corresponding sun wheel latches (23) to be controlled.
    P ressi cii ferli s 1 activation mechanism 2 hub shaft 3 fixed cone 3 a first passage holes 3b second passage holes 4 drive shaft 4a inner sprocket 4b outer sprocket 5 sealing ring 6 activation sleeve 6a cable groove 6b sprocket with inner serration 7 locking housing 8 axle nut 9 transfer shaft 11 locking spring 12 locking spring 12 spring housing 14 locking pin 15 end surface cable reel 16 ball bearing surface 17 ball bearing 18 planetary gear carrier 19 snap hook 20 rivet sleeve 21 protruding carrier portion 22 carrier reduction 23 sun gear latch 24 actuator 25 sprocket 26 conical segment 27 support bolt
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    An activation mechanism (1) on a hub shaft (2) of a multi-gear hub with a multi-gear drive mechanism in the interior of a hub sleeve rotatably mounted on the hub shaft (2) for switching the gear stages of the multi-gear drive mechanism, comprising: a fixed cone ( 3) which is arranged rotatably and non-slidably on the hub shaft (2) in the axial direction between the multi-speed drive mechanism and rotatable bars relative to the hub shaft (2) and is positioned concentrically around the hub shaft (2), the activation sleeve (6) being positioned, fixed cone (3) comprises a first passage hole (3 a) for receiving a drive shaft (4), which transmits a rotational movement of the activation sleeve (6) through the fixed cone (3) in the direction of the multi-gear drive mechanism, characterized . in that an inner gear (4a) is provided on an axial end of the drive shaft (7) and an outer gear (4b) is attached to the other axial end of the drive shaft (7), which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (4); wherein the drive shaft (4) transmits a rotational movement of the activation sleeve (6) through the fixed cone (3) into the interior of the hub sleeve (1) in the direction of the multi-gear drive mechanism.
    [2]
    Activation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that in that the activation sleeve (6) comprises a toothing tooth on a first axial end of its inner circumference for engagement with the outer gear (4b) on the drive shaft (4) on its outer circumference.
    [3]
    Activation mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in that the activation sleeve (6) comprises a bearing point at a second end of its inner circumference for bearing the activation sleeve (6) relative to the hub shaft (2).
    [4]
    An activation mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that. in that an axle nut (8) presses a locking housing (7) arranged rotatably with respect to the hub shaft (2) and arranged radially within the activation sleeve (6) against the fixed cone (3).
    [5]
    5. An activation mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that. that a transmission shaft (9) designed as a hollow shaft comprises a toothing on the outer circumference of an axial end which is in engagement with the inner gear (4a) in the manner of a sun gear; and that the transfer shaft (9) is rotatably connected at its other axial end to a coupling sleeve (10).
    [6]
    An activation mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that. that a return spring (12) operatively disposed between the coupling sleeve (10) and the hub shaft (2) provides a return force in the direction of the starting position of the coupling sleeve (10).
    [7]
    An activation mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that. in that the coupling sleeve (10) cooperates with latches fixedly rotatable with respect to the hub axle (2), to control and lock or release sun wheels which can be fixed relative to the hub axle (2).
    [8]
    An activation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that. that in the fixed cone (3) on a circle arranged concentrically with respect to the center axis of the pin shaft (2) the center axes of a plurality of first passage holes (3a) are located for receiving a drive shaft (4) in each case.
    [9]
    An activation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that. in that the second cone holes (3b) are provided in the fixed cone (3), wherein in each case a snap hook (19) defines the spring housing (13) in axial direction with respect to the fixed cone (3).
    [10]
    An activation mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that. that the return spring (12) is suspended in the form of a spiral spring with a radially outer end inside the spring housing (13), and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (9) with the radially inner end turn.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US8435155B2|2013-05-07|
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    US20120277054A1|2012-11-01|
    NL2007564C2|2013-10-01|
    引用文献:
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    DE102005003056A1|2005-01-22|2006-07-27|Sram Deutschland Gmbh|Changing movement transmission device for e.g. bicycle gear, has gear cable or cable that is guided between pinion and frame drop out and introduced into hub gear through axially running opening between support cone and axis|CN104973205B|2014-04-04|2020-03-17|介隆兴齿轮股份有限公司|Internal transmission hub supporting structure and power input method of driving device|
    CN105508574B|2016-01-19|2017-11-28|江苏省无锡探矿机械总厂有限公司|A kind of powershift case|
    CN106545641A|2016-12-15|2017-03-29|西安法士特汽车传动有限公司|Two shaft gear location structure of variator|
    JP6705740B2|2016-12-21|2020-06-03|株式会社シマノ|Bicycle transmission and bicycle internal gear hub|
    US10633056B2|2017-04-12|2020-04-28|Tae Hong Ha|Bicycle with automatic transmission|
    US20190160638A1|2017-11-30|2019-05-30|Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation|Tool assembly for seals and methods of using the same|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102010049438A|DE102010049438A1|2010-10-23|2010-10-23|Operating mechanism for rotary switching conduction and transmission of switching movement to multi-speed gear hub of bicycle, has shaft for transferring rotating movement of sleeve to inner side of hub sleeve through fork|
    DE102010049438|2010-10-23|
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